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Types of Aluminum Finishes
Aluminum finishes encompass a range of surface treatments designed to enhance the material’s aesthetics, durability, and functionality. Common aluminum finishes include anodizing for corrosion resistance, powder coating for color versatility, and mechanical polishing for high-gloss surfaces. Specialized options like plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) provide extreme hardness for industrial applications, while chemical treatments improve adhesion and conductivity. These finishes cater to diverse industries—from aerospace to architecture—balancing performance requirements with cost considerations.
| Category | Process | Procedure | Thickness/Roughness | Hardness (HV) | Salt Spray Resistance (h) | Conductivity | Color Options | Equipment | Process Time | Cost (USD/m²) | Suitable Substrates | Industry Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanical | Sandblasting | Compressed air + abrasive blasting | Ra1.6-12.5μm | Substrate hardness | – | Conductive | Metallic finish only | Sandblaster | 5-15min | 2-5 | All series | Architectural cladding |
| Brushing | Directional nylon wheel grinding | Ra0.4-1.6μm | Substrate hardness | – | Conductive | Linear grain | Brushing machine | 3-10min | 3-8 | 5/6 series | Elevator interiors | |
| Chemical | Chemical Polishing | Phosphoric-nitric acid immersion | Ra≤0.05μm | – | 24 | Conductive | Mirror silver | Pickling tank | 1-3min | 6-12 | 1/3 series | Lamp reflectors |
| Chromate Conversion | Chromate coating | 0.5-3μm | – | 168-336 | Conductive | Iridescent/clear | Conversion tank | 30-60s | 0.8-2.5 | All series | Aircraft components | |
| Electrochemical | Anodizing | Sulfuric acid electrolysis + sealing | 5-25μm | 300-500 | 1000+ | Insulating | 200+ colors | Anodizing tank | 30-90min | 8-18 | Best for 6 series | iPhone housing |
| Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) | High-voltage pulse electrolysis | 20-100μm | 800-1500 | 3000+ | Insulating | Gray/black | Special power supply | 30-60min | 45-75 | 2/7 series | Oil drill pipes | |
| Coating | Powder Coating | Electrostatic spray + curing | 50-150μm | 2H-4H (pencil) | 500-800 | Insulating | Full Pantone | Spray line | 2-4h | 12-22 | All series | Window profiles |
| E-Coating | Electrodeposition + baking | 10-30μm | H-2H | 1000+ | Insulating | Black/gray/white | E-coat tank | 1-2h | 9-15 | Automotive | Body panels | |
| Combination | Anodizing + Dyeing | Post-anodizing organic dye immersion | 10-20μm | Same as anodizing | Same as anodizing | Insulating | Full spectrum | Dyeing line | +20min | +5-8 | 6 series | Luxury goods |
| Sandblast + Anodizing | Sequential process | Ra1.6+10μm | 300-500 | 1000+ | Insulating | Matte colors | Combined line | 1.5h | 15-27 | Architectural | Art installations |
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