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Special Alloy
Material Type
Metal
Process Compatibility
Metal Stamping, CNC Machining
Physical Properties
Parameter |
Test Standard |
Typical Range |
Comparative Baseline (Steel=1) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (g/cm³) | ASTM B311 | 4.5 (Ti) ~ 8.9 (Ni-based) | 0.57~1.13 |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (×10⁻⁶/℃) | ASTM E228 | 8.6 (Invar) ~ 16.5 (Ti alloy) | 0.7~1.3 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | ASTM E1461 | 7 (Zr alloy) ~ 90 (BeCu) | 0.1~1.2 |
| Resistivity (μΩ·cm) | IEC 60468 | 45 (Ni-based) ~ 180 (high-entropy alloy) | 2.3~9.0 |
| Curie Temperature (℃) | ASTM A342 | From non-magnetic to 1120℃ (Inconel) | – |
Ultimate Mechanical Properties (Room temperature test data)
Alloy Type |
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
Yield Strength (MPa) |
Elongation (%) |
Fracture Toughness (MPa√m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nickel-Based DS Alloys | 1450-1600 | 1200-1350 | 8-12 | 80-120 |
| β-Ti Alloys (aged) | 1100-1300 | 1000-1150 | 10-15 | 55-75 |
| Metallic Glasses | 1800-2200 | 1700-2000 | 0.2-2.0 | 15-25 |
| ODS Alloys | 850-1100 | 750-950 | 15-25 | 40-60 |
Extreme Environment Resistance
Environmental Condition |
Optimal Alloy |
Performance Metric |
Test Standard |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1100℃ Oxidizing Atmosphere | Haynes 230 | Oxidation weight gain <2mg/cm² (1000h) | ASTM G54 |
| Boiling Hydrochloric Acid | Hastelloy B-3 | Corrosion rate <0.1mm/year | ASTM G31 |
| Liquid Metal Corrosion | TZM Molybdenum Alloy | Sodium corrosion depth ≤50μm (600℃/5000h) | ISO 15324 |
| Neutron Irradiation (dpa) | 316LN Nuclear-Grade SS | Swelling rate <1% (50dpa@500℃) | ASTM E521 |
Advanced Manufacturing Characteristics
Alloy |
Laser Printability |
Residual Stress (MPa) |
Density (%) |
Post-Processing Requirements |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inconel 718 | ★★★★☆ | 500-700 | ≥99.5 | HIP + Aging |
| Ti-6Al-4V ELI | ★★★★★ | 300-500 | ≥99.9 | Stress Relief Annealing |
| CoCrMo | ★★★☆☆ | 600-900 | ≥99.0 | HIP + Solution Treatment |
| AlSi10Mg | ★★★★★ | 100-200 | ≥99.8 | Artificial Aging |
Material Selection
High-Temperature Applications (>800℃):
- Oxidizing environment → Aluminide-coated Ni-based alloys
- Reducing environment → Yttrium-stabilized Hastelloys
Corrosive Environments:
- Acidic → Hastelloy B series
- Alkaline → Incoloy 020
Lightweight Requirements:
- <300℃ → Titanium alloys
- 300-600℃ → Titanium aluminides
Other Metal Material Selection
Stainless Steel
Copper Materials
Carbon Steel
Aluminum Materials
FAQ Of Special Alloy
Visit our FAQ center for more questions.
What's the key difference between Special Alloys and Conventional Metals?
Special alloys (e.g., nickel-based superalloys, titanium alloys) exhibit unparalleled extreme environment resistance through precisely controlled composition and processing. For instance, Inconel 718 maintains high strength at 700℃ where regular steels would soften.
Why are Special Alloys so expensive to process?
- High material cost (e.g., iridium alloys >$1500/kg)
- Specialized equipment (e.g., vacuum furnaces)
- Complex processes (e.g., directional solidification requiring 0.01℃/s precision)
- Low yield rates (30% scrap rate for aerospace-grade titanium forgings)
How to select Special Alloys for additive manufacturing?
- Printability (e.g., Ti-6Al-4V’s laser absorption >85%)
- Post-processing needs (e.g., HIP required for Inconel 718)
- Anisotropy control (single-crystal alloys outperform polycrystalline)
- Certification standards (e.g., NASA MSFC-SPEC-3717 for aerospace)