Types of Flanges

Here’s a complete table summarizing the types of flanges, including their designs, standards, and industrial applications:

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Types of Flanges
Category	Flange Type	Description	Key Features	Common Standards	Typical Applications
By Connection	Weld Neck Flange	Long tapered hub for stress distribution	Butt-welded connection, high fatigue resistance	ASME B16.5, EN 1092-1	High-pressure piping (oil/gas, chemical)
	Slip-On Flange	Slides over pipe then fillet welded	Easy alignment, lower cost than weld neck	ASME B16.5, DIN 2576	Low-pressure fluids, water lines
	Socket Weld Flange	Counterbore for pipe insertion + fillet weld	Compact design, smooth bore	ASME B16.11, MSS SP-83	Small-bore high-pressure systems
	Lap Joint Flange	Stub end + backing flange for modularity	Rotatable for bolt alignment, replaceable stub	ASME B16.9, EN 1092-1	Systems requiring frequent dismantling
	Threaded Flange	Internal threads for screw-on pipe connection	No welding needed, quick installation	ASME B16.5, BS 4504	Compressed air, instrumentation lines
By Face Type	Flat Face (FF)	Full flat sealing surface	Prevents bending with brittle materials	ASME B16.1 (Class 125)	Cast iron pipes, low-pressure systems
	Raised Face (RF)	1/16″-1/4″ raised ring around bore	Concentrates gasket pressure	ASME B16.5 (Class 150-2500)	Most industrial piping systems
	Ring-Type Joint (RTJ)	Groove for metal ring gasket	High-pressure/temperature sealing	API 6A, ASME B16.47	Offshore platforms, refinery HP lines
	Tongue & Groove	Matching male/female faces	Self-aligning, leak-proof	EN 1092-1, ASME B16.48	Heat exchangers, pump housings
Specialized	Orifice Flange	Radial taps for flow measurement	Pressure gauge connections	ASME B16.36, ISO 5167	Metering runs, process control
	Blind Flange	Solid disk for pipe end closure	No bore, maximum pressure rating	ASME B16.5, EN 1092-1	Pressure testing, future line extensions
	Expander Flange	Increases pipe size at connection	Integrated reducer functionality	ASME B16.9, MSS SP-44	Pipeline size transitions
	Swivel Ring Flange	Rotatable outer ring for bolt alignment	Simplifies offshore installation	API 6A, ASME B16.47 Series B	Subsea pipelines, floating platforms
Material-Specific	Van Stone Flange	Lapped metal layers for flexibility	Accommodates thermal expansion	MSS SP-44, DIN 2641	High-temp steam lines
Material-Specific	Spectacle Flange	Rotatable blind/through plate for isolation	Space-saving alternative to spool pieces	ASME B16.48, BS 4504	Maintenance safety isolation
Industry-Specific	API Flange	Heavy-duty for oilfield service	Compact bolt pattern, high integrity	API 6A, API 605	Wellheads, Christmas trees
	DIN Flange	European metric standard	PN rating system (PN10-PN400)	DIN 2576, DIN 2633	EU chemical plants, water treatment
	JIS Flange	Japanese industrial standard	10K-20K pressure ratings	JIS B2220, JIS B2238	Asian industrial equipment

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