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Types of Springs
Types of springs include compression, extension, torsion, flat, and disc springs, each designed for specific mechanical applications.
Types of Springs |
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| Type of Spring | Category | Description | Common Applications |
| Compression Spring | Helical Springs | Designed to resist axial compression, shortens under load, and returns to original length. | Automotive suspension, pens, valves, shock absorbers |
| Extension Spring | Helical Springs | Designed to resist axial tension, typically has hooks/loops, and stores energy when stretched. | Garage doors, toys, scales, fitness equipment |
| Torsion Spring | Helical Springs | Stores energy through twisting motion, rotates under torque, and recoils when released. | Clips, door hinges, clock springs |
| Flat Spring | Flat Springs | Made from flat metal strips, deforms by bending or twisting. | Battery contacts, switches, relays |
| Leaf Spring | Flat Springs | Consists of multiple metal layers, primarily used for heavy loads and shock absorption. | Truck suspensions, traditional carriages |
| Constant Force Spring | Flat Springs | Curled strip steel provides near-constant force with minimal variation during extension. | Tape measures, window shades, medical devices |
| Belleville Spring | Disc Springs | Conical disc spring that handles high loads with minimal space. | Bolt preloading, heavy machinery, aerospace |
| Wave Spring | Disc Springs | Wavy metal ring offering a similar function to coil springs but with reduced height. | Compact spaces (seals, electronics) |
| Gas Spring | Special Springs | Uses compressed gas (e.g., nitrogen) to provide cushioning or support. | Car trunks, office chairs, hospital beds |
| Air Spring | Special Springs | Inflatable rubber bladder with adjustable stiffness and height. | Advanced vehicle suspension, industrial damping |
| Rubber Spring | Special Springs | Made from elastic materials (e.g., rubber), corrosion-resistant with excellent shock absorption. | Building isolation, rail systems |
Additional Notes
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Materials: Common materials include high-carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, titanium, and rubber.
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Selection Factors: Load type (compression/tension/torsion), space constraints, environment (corrosion/heat resistance), etc.
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